Gulf of Riga
Integrate in a realistic way the Offshore Wind Farms (OWF) effects in combined environmental effects assessments (cumulative impact assessments) and consider these effects in marine spatial planning processes.
Study area size: 16.300 km²
Countries: Estonia, Latvia
Study area description
The Gulf of Riga is a shallow, partly enclosed part of the Baltic Sea, with the deepest area of around 55 m. The seabed is mostly soft mud and clay, with some sand and gravel. The water is brackish, a mix of fresh and salt water. The area is tide-less,but water levels are strongly influenced by wind. Winter ice cover is common, although this is becoming less predictable due to climate change. The area supports a variety of bottom-dwelling organisms.
The study area, shared by Latvia and Estonia, hosts a wide range of activities including shipping, energy production, fisheries and emerging aquaculture. The area is key for national defence, tourism and recreation, mineral extraction and telecommunication infrastructure. These uses contribute to growing competition for space and increasing environmental challenges in the area. At the same time, the gulf is ecologically valuable, supporting diverse coastal habitats and key migration routes. As a network of protected areas, it supports rich biodiversity alongside cultural heritage and coastal livelihoods.
